abortus Latin · revision 9940

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Terence|origins=ine-pro *h₃r-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [aˈbɔr.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [aˈbɔr.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''abortus''' ''m'' (genitive abortūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ A neuter ''abortum'' occurs in the Digest and Festus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|aborior|-tus|t1=to miscarry, pass away]], an action noun, from [[m|la|ab-]] and [[m|la|orior|t=to rise]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨orior⟩ as [[itc-pro|*or-i-|t=to rise]], [[ine-pro|*h₃r-i-|t=to rise]], cognate with Umbrian ⟨ortom est⟩ “has arisen”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Terence, and the OLD's earliest citation is Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Terence 190–159 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a premature birth, miscarriage, abortion, so ''abortum facere'' “to miscarry” or “to cause a miscarriage”; in Lucretius failure to conceive; and in Pliny a dead foetus.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means abortion, miscarriage.^(Stelten 1995) English ''abort'' (1570s) is from its participle stem, and German ''Abort'' is from it.^(Etymonline)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a miscarriage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of failure to conceive.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1570s – English ''abort'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|miscarriage]], [[m|en|abortion]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A dead [[m|en|foetus]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Failure to conceive.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aborior]]

+ * [[orior]]

+ * [[abortīvus]]

+ * [[en|abort]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}