coarto Latin · revision 9932

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Cicero|origins=la artō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [koˈar.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [koˈar.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''coartō''' (present infinitive coartāre, perfect active coartāvī, supine coartātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Manuscripts often spell it ''coarctō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|con-|artō|t2=to press close together]], from [[artus]] “tight”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation for crowding together is Cicero.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to make narrower, as in Livy; to crowd or pack together, confine, hem in, as in Cicero; to shorten in time, as in Tacitus; and in legal Latin to constrain, compel.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of confining.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of narrowing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of shortening time.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make narrower, [[m|en|compress]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To crowd together, [[m|en|confine]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To shorten (in time).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|constrain]], compel.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[coartātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[artō]]

+ * [[artus]]

+ * [[en|coarctate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}