anculus Latin · revision 9894

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Festus|origins=ine-pro *h₂m̥bʰi-kʷolh₁-os}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈaŋ.kʊ.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaŋ.ku.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''anculus''' ''m'' (genitive anculī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ A feminine ''ancula'' “maidservant” also occurs.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*ambi-kʷolo-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂m̥bʰi-kʷolh₁-os|t=going towards, around]], from [[m|ine-pro|*h₂m̥bʰí|t=around]] and the root ⟨*kʷelh₁-⟩ of [[colō]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) It is cognate with [[grc|ἀμφίπολος|tr=amphípolos|t=attendant]], from which the OLD and Köbler derive it, [[sga|buachail|t=cowherd]] and [[sa|अभिचर|tr=abhicara|t=servant, companion]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is known only from Paul the Deacon's epitome of Festus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a manservant, attendant, and ''ancula'' a maidservant.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan thinks the word became restricted to religious use and survived only in glossaries, replaced in daily speech by ''famulus'' and ''servus''; it was reanalysed as a diminutive ⟨anc-ulus⟩, and a new diminutive ''ancilla'' “maidservant” was formed from it, along with ''ancul(ā)re'' “to serve the gods” in Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008)

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+ British Medieval Latin glossaries took it, perhaps, as a cup-bearer.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|servant]], attendant, ''(feminine ancula)'' a maidservant.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin glossaries)'' A cup-bearer.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ancula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[colō]]

+ * [[ancilla]]

+ * [[ambi-]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}