auctus Latin · revision 9868
17 Oct 2026, 00:31 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+ {{homograph|1|increased (adjective)}}
+
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂ewg-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈau̯k.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈau̯k.tus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''auctus''' (feminine aucta, neuter auctum, comparative auctior); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ The adjective is the perfect participle of [[augeō]] “to increase”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨augeō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*augeje/o-]], from [[ine-pro|*h₂ewg-|t=to grow]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus' ''Captivi'', ''aegritūdō auctior'' “greater grief”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Especially in the comparative, it meant increased in size, enlarged, large, as in Pliny; increased in power, wealth or importance, enriched, as in Livy's ''rēs Rōmāna auctior''; of a quality, intensified, strong, as in Plautus; and fuller, more comprehensive, as in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium''.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses ''auctior''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of power.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Increased in size, enlarged.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Increased in power or wealth, enriched.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Intensified, strong.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Fuller, more comprehensive.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ {{homograph|2|increase, growth (noun)}}
+
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *h₂ewg-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈau̯k.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈau̯k.tus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''auctus''' ''m'' (genitive auctūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ The noun is [[af|la|augeō|-tus|t1=to increase]], a verbal noun of the fourth declension.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Its earliest source is Lucretius, of growth.^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant increase of size, growth, as in Lucretius; the act of increasing, augmentation, as in Seneca's seed spreading ''in maximōs auctūs'' “to the greatest growth”; increase of fortune, prosperity; and physical bulk.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis & Short note that it is especially frequent after the Augustan period and not in Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant growth, increase, abundance.^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # An increase, [[m|en|augmentation]]; growth.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Increase of fortune, [[m|en|prosperity]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # Physical bulk.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[augeō]]
+ * [[auctor]]
+ * [[auctōritās]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}