amburo Latin · revision 9827

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁ews-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [amˈbuː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [amˈbuː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ambūrō''' (present infinitive ambūrere, perfect active ambussī, supine ambustum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ambi-|ūrō|t1=around|t2=to burn]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨ūrō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*ouse/o-|t=to burn]], from [[ine-pro|*h₁ews-e/o-|t=to burn]], and notes that [[combūrō]] arose by misdividing ⟨ambūrere⟩ as ⟨am-būrere⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Among the OLD's earliest citations are Plautus and Accius.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to burn around or on the surface, scorch, char, and of a liquid to scald, as in Cicero; to char and harden the point of a stake, as in Seneca; to burn all over, as in Accius; and of cold, to make frostbitten, as in Tacitus.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short contrast it with ''exūrere'' “to burn up entirely”, and note figurative uses: Cicero's ''ambustae fortūnārum reliquiae'' “the charred remains of my fortune” and Livy's ''damnātiōne collēgae prope ambustus'' “nearly singed by his colleague's condemnation”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses it of burning all over.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of scorching.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of frostbite.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To burn around or on the surface, [[m|en|scorch]], [[m|en|char]]; to scald.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To char and harden (a stake).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To burn all over.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of cold)'' To make [[m|en|frostbitten]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ambustiō]]

+ * [[sēmiambustus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ūrō]]

+ * [[combūrō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}