calefacio Latin · revision 9818
17 Oct 2026, 00:17 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=la caleō, la faciō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ka.ɫɛˈfa.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ka.leˈfaː.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''calefaciō''' (present infinitive calefacere, perfect active calefēcī, supine calefactum); third (-iō variant) conjugation, suppletive^(Wiktionary)
+ Also contracted ''calfaciō'' and ''calficiō'', and Quintilian discusses the difference between ''calefaciō'' and ''calfaciō''.^(OLD 2012) The passive is ''cal(e)fīō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is a compound of [[caleō]] “to be warm” and [[faciō]] “to make”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨caleō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*kalē-]], a stative verb from [[ine-pro|*ḱlh₁-eh₁-|t=to be hot]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of heating.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to make hot, heat, warm, as in Plautus, Lucretius and Cicero; of pungent substances, to produce a sensation of heat in the body, as in Celsus; and figuratively to stir to activity, rouse, as in Cicero's letters, ''calefac hominem'' “warm the man up”.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to warm.^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of rousing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it in medicine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To make hot, [[m|en|heat]], warm.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(of pungent substances)'' To produce a sensation of heat.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To stir to activity, [[m|en|rouse]].^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[calefactiō]]
+ * [[calefactō]]
+ * [[calefactōrius]]
+ * [[calefactus]]
+ * [[concalefaciō]]
+ * [[excalefaciō]]
+ * [[incalfaciō]]
+ * [[percalefaciō]]
+ * [[praecalfactus]]
+ * [[recalfaciō]]
+ * [[excalfaciō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[caleō]]
+ * [[faciō]]
+ * [[calor]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}