praecipio Latin · revision 9735

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=itc-pro *kap-i-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [prae̯ˈkɪ.pi.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [preˈt͡ʃiː.pi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praecipiō''' (present infinitive praecipere, perfect active praecēpī, supine praeceptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prae-|capiō|t1=before|t2=to take]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨capiō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*kap-i-]], from [[ine-pro|*kh₂p-i-|t=to seize]] or a non-Indo-European ⟨*kap-i-⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of giving notice, and Cato, of giving orders.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC and Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to seize beforehand, take first, as in Sallust and Caesar; to take before something else, as in Lucretius; to anticipate, forestall, as in Livy; to form an impression in advance, have a foretaste of, as in Cicero's ''animō praecipere'' “to anticipate in the mind”; to give notice or advice, as in Plautus; to advise, recommend; and to enjoin, order, as in Cato.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis & Short note that it was used especially in the figurative senses of teaching and instructing.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to instruct, teach, command, advise, warn, prescribe, preach, anticipate.^(Stelten 1995) Its derivatives include [[praeceptum]] “precept” and [[praeceptor]] “teacher”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of advice.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of orders.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of anticipation.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To seize beforehand, take first.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|anticipate]], forestall; to have a foretaste of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To give notice or advice of; to [[m|en|advise]], recommend.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|enjoin]], order; to teach.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praeceptiō]]

+ * [[praeceptīuus]]

+ * [[praeceptō]]

+ * [[praeceptor]]

+ * [[praeceptrix]]

+ * [[praeceptum]]

+ * [[praeceptus]]

+ * [[praecipuus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[capiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}