finitio Latin · revision 9711

17 Oct 2026, 00:06 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Vitruvius|origins=la fīnis}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [fiːˈniː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [fiˈnit.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''fīnītiō''' ''f'' (genitive fīnītiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|fīniō|-tiō|t1=to limit, finish]], from [[m|la|fīnis|t=boundary, end]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan calls the etymology of ⟨fīnis⟩ disputed: Walde and Hofmann reconstruct ⟨*fīg-s-ni-⟩ “driven in”, of a boundary marker, but a root ⟨*bʰiH-⟩ “to strike” is also possible.^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Vitruvius, of boundaries and limits, and Lewis & Short call it post-Augustan.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Vitruvius c. 84–c. 25 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a boundary, border, the circuit of a city's walls; a limitation, restriction; the end point, extremity, conclusion of a book, and a state of completeness, as in Vitruvius; a rule, prescript, as in Pliny; an exact description, definition, as in Seneca and Quintilian; and in an inscription the end of life, death.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ In Medieval Latin it was the decision of a lawsuit.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives as French ''finition'' and Italian ''finizione''.^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of boundaries.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of a definition.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny uses it of a rule.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|boundary]], border; the circuit of walls.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A limitation, restriction.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A rule, prescript.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A [[m|en|definition]], exact description.^(OLD 2012)
+ # An end point; a conclusion, ending; death.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The decision of a [[m|en|lawsuit]].^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[īnfīnītiō]]
+ * [[perfīnītiō]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[fīnālis]]
+ * [[fīniēns]]
+ * [[fīniō]]
+ * [[fīnis]]
+ * [[fīnitimus]]
+ * [[fīnītīvus]]
+ * [[fīnītor]]
+ * [[fīnītus]]
+ * [[dēfīnītiō]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}