consultus Latin · revision 9664

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *selh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kõːˈsʊɫ.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [konˈsul.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōnsultus''' (feminine cōnsulta, neuter cōnsultum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the perfect passive participle of [[cōnsulō]] “to deliberate, consult”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨cōnsulō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*kom-sel-e/o-|t=to consult]], from [[ine-pro|*s(e)lh₁-e/o-|t=to take]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Plautus.^(Köbler 2010) The OLD's earliest citations as an adjective are from Cicero.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC and Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As an adjective it meant skilled, practised, learned, especially in law, as in Cicero; and planned, considered, well-advised, as in Cicero's ''omnia cōnsulta et exquīsīta'' “everything weighed and studied”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) ''iūris cōnsultus'' or ''iūre cōnsultus'', sometimes one word, or ''cōnsultus'' alone, was a lawyer, jurist.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of legal learning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it as a noun.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|skilled|alt=Skilled]], learned, especially in law.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Planned, considered; well-advised, [[m|en|prudent]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''iūris cōnsultus'': a [[m|en|lawyer]], [[m|en|jurist]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[iūrecōnsultus]]

+ * [[iūriscōnsultus]]

+ * [[incōnsultus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cōnsulō]]

+ * [[cōnsultum]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A fourth-declension noun ''cōnsultus'' “decree”, for ''cōnsultum'', is found only in Isidore's ''senātūs cōnsultus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}