pertraho Latin · revision 9660

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Vitruvius|origins=itc-pro *traxe/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɛr.tra.(ɦ)oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpɛr.tra.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pertrahō''' (present infinitive pertrahere, perfect active pertrāxī, supine pertractum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|per-|trahō|t1=through|t2=to drag]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨trahō⟩ as [[itc-pro|*traxe/o-]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Vitruvius and Livy, and Lewis & Short note it is not in Cicero or Caesar.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Vitruvius c. 84–c. 25 BC and Livy 59 BC–17 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to drag along, haul, tow, as in Vitruvius; to drag someone by force to punishment or a camp, as in Livy's ''aliquem in castra pertrahere''; to draw on, lure an enemy, also in Livy; and to draw out or extract thoroughly, as of poison from a bite.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of hauling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of dragging and luring.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To drag along, [[m|en|haul]], [[m|en|tow]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To drag by force (to punishment or some other fate).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To draw on, [[m|en|lure]] (an enemy).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To draw out, extract thoroughly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pertractus]]

+ * [[pertractō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[abstrahō]]

+ * [[attrahō]]

+ * [[circumtrahō]]

+ * [[contrahō]]

+ * [[dētrahō]]

+ * [[distrahō]]

+ * [[extrahō]]

+ * [[intertrahō]]

+ * [[intrahō]]

+ * [[obtrahō]]

+ * [[trahō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}