nex Latin · revision 9654

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *neḱ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈnɛks]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈnɛks]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nex''' ''f'' (genitive necis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*nek-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*neḱ-s|t=death]].^(de Vaan 2008) Its sense presupposes an earlier development from “disappear” to “die”.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognates include [[sa|नश्यति|tr=náśyati|t=perishes]] and, according to the OLD, [[grc|νέκυς|tr=nékus|t=corpse]], and the OLD also compares [[noceō]] and [[noxa]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is the Twelve Tables, which he dates about 450 BC.^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan dates it from Naevius, and the OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a violent death, killing, murder, as in Ennius and Cicero; death from any cause, in poets from Virgil on; and in the jurists, as in Ulpian, detriment, injury.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short give [[mors]] and [[lētum]] as synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a violent death.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for violent death, murder, slaughter, and in phrases like ''necī dare'' “to put to death”.^(DMLBS) The verb [[necō]] “to kill” is derived from it.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables use it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of killing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of death in general.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 223 AD – Ulpian uses it of injury.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A violent death, killing, [[m|en|murder]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|death|alt=Death]] (from any cause).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(law)'' [[m|en|detriment|alt=Detriment]], injury.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēnicālis]]

+ * [[necō]]

+ * [[sēminex]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[noceō]]

+ * [[permitiēs]]

+ * [[noxa]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}