officio Latin · revision 9643

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Varro|origins=ine-pro *dʰeh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɔfˈfɪ.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ofˈfiː.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''officiō''' (present infinitive officere, perfect active offēcī, supine offectum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''obficiō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ob-|faciō|t1=against|t2=to make, act]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨faciō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*fak-i-]], from [[ine-pro|*dʰh₁-k-|t=to make]], an extension of [[m|ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-|t=to put]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Varro, of blocking light or view.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Usually with a dative, it meant to block the path of something, check movement, as in Sallust; to get in the way of someone's light or view, as in Varro; to impede the functions or health of something; and to be an obstacle to someone's aims, stand in the way, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also meant to put something on as a covering, whence ''offectōrēs'', dyers who changed a colour.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to impede, hinder, oppose, hurt.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of blocking light.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of obstacles to aims.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of checking movement.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To block the path of; to check, [[m|en|impede]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To get in the way of someone's light or view.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To interfere with the functions or health of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be an [[m|en|obstacle]] to, stand in the way of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To put on as a covering.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[offector]]

+ * [[offectus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[faciō]]

+ * [[officium]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}