procido Latin · revision 9622

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Horace|origins=ine-pro *ḱeh₂d-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈproː.kɪ.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈprɔː.t͡ʃi.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōcidō''' (present infinitive prōcidere, perfect active prōcidī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prō-|cadō|t1=forward|t2=to fall]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨cadō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*kad-e/o-]], and doubtfully to [[ine-pro|*ḱh₂d-|t=to fall]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short think it perhaps not ante-Augustan, and Gaffiot cites Horace, ''ad pedēs'' “at the feet”, and Livy.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Horace 65–8 BC and Livy 59 BC–17 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to fall forward from an upright position, fall flat, collapse, as in Livy; of a part of the body, to be displaced, suffer a prolapse, as in Celsus; and to drop to a lower position.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to fall down, fall prostrate.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of falling at someone's feet.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of collapsing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of prolapse.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To fall forward, fall flat, [[m|en|collapse]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of a part of the body)'' To be displaced, suffer a [[m|en|prolapse]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To fall to a lower position, drop.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To fall [[m|en|prostrate]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[prōcidentia]]

+ * [[prōciduus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[accidō]]

+ * [[cadō]]

+ * [[concidō]]

+ * [[dēcidō]]

+ * [[excidō]]

+ * [[incidō]]

+ * [[intercidō]]

+ * [[occidō]]

+ * [[recidō]]

+ * [[succidō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A rare homograph ''procīdō'' (from [[prō-]] and [[caedō]]) “to strike down, cut off”, a synonym of ''praecīdō'', is known only from the Notae Tironianae.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}