paeniteo Latin · revision 9582

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Pacuvius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [pae̯ˈnɪ.te.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [peˈniː.te.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''paeniteō''' (present infinitive paenitēre, perfect active paenituī, future active participle paenitūrus); second conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle^(Wiktionary)

+ Less correctly ''poeniteō'', and Accius and Sallust have the future participle ''paenitūrus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain, and the OLD and Wiktionary compare [[paene]] “almost” and [[paenūria]] “want”, so “to be lacking, dissatisfied”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan thinks the basic sense of the stem ⟨paen-⟩ was “missing, lacking”.^(de Vaan 2008) Lewis & Short connected it instead with [[poena]] “penalty”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation for the personal sense “to regret” is from Pacuvius.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Pacuvius 220–130 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Mostly impersonal, ''mē paenitet'' meant “it gives me cause for dissatisfaction”, “I am not content with”, and then “I regret, I repent of” something one has done; personally it meant to feel regret, think better of something, as in Pacuvius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to repent, be sorry, rue, grieve, and also to cause to repent.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses ''paenitūrus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # (impersonal) To cause dissatisfaction: ''mē paenitet'' I am dissatisfied with.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (impersonal) To cause regret: ''mē paenitet'' I [[m|en|regret]], [[m|en|repent]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To feel regret, think better of.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[impaenitendus]]

+ * [[impaenitēns]]

+ * [[impaenitentia]]

+ * [[impaenitus]]

+ * [[paenitenter]]

+ * [[paenitentia]]

+ * [[paenitentiālis]]

+ * [[paenitūdō]]

+ * [[repoeniteō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[paene]]

+ * [[paenūria]]

+ * [[poena]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}