esca Latin · revision 9537

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *h₁ed-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈeːs.ka]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛs.ka]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ēsca''' ''f'' (genitive ēscae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Livius Andronicus has the old genitive ''escās''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*ēsskā]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₁ēd-s-keh₂]], from [[m|ine-pro|*h₁ed-|t=to eat]], the root of [[edō]] “to eat”.^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary takes the long vowel to be original, judging by [[lt|ėskà|t=food, fodder]], and the OLD calls the ending uncertain.^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Livius Andronicus, whom he dates 280/260–before 200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was food, mostly plural or collective, as in Plautus and Cicero's ''escīs et pōtiōnibus vescuntur'' “they eat and drink”, and food used as a lure, bait, as in Ovid.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it was food, meat.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for pannage, the feeding of pigs on acorns, and for a dish of meat.^(Niermeyer 1976) British Medieval Latin used it for food, also figuratively.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of bait.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|food|alt=Food]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|bait|alt=Bait]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' [[m|en|pannage|alt=Pannage]]; a dish of meat.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[escalis]]

+ * [[ēscārius]]

+ * [[escifer]]

+ * [[escō]]

+ * [[ēsculentus]]

+ * [[adēscō]]

+ * [[ēscātilis]]

+ * [[inēscō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[edō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}