fervor Latin · revision 9525

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *bʰrewh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈfɛr.wɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈfɛr.vor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fervor''' ''m'' (genitive fervōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[ferveō]] “to boil, be hot” with the suffix [[-or]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces ⟨ferveō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*ferwe/o-]], from [[ine-pro|*bʰeru-|t=to be hot, boil]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Lucretius.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was heat, high temperature, a boiling, fermenting, as in Lucretius and Varro; fever, inflammation, and the hot quality of a food or poison, as in Pliny the Elder; the seething of troubled waters, as in Cicero; disturbance of the mind; and ardour, hot blood, enthusiasm, as in Cicero's ''fervor aetātis'' and Virgil, and vehemence, passion, as in Seneca.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant fervour.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for great heat.^(DMLBS) [[en|fervor]] came through Old French in the mid-14th century, “warmth or glow of feeling”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of ardour.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''fervor'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Heat; a boiling, seething.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # [[m|en|fever|alt=Fever]], inflammation.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Disturbance of the mind.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|ardour|alt=Ardour]], enthusiasm, passion, [[m|en|fervor]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ferveō]]

+ * [[fervidus]]

+ * [[en|fervor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}