consulto Latin · revision 9507
16 Oct 2026, 18:56 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{homograph|1|deliberately}}
+
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la cōnsulō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kõːˈsʊɫ.toː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [konˈsul.to]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''cōnsultō''' (comparative cōnsultius, superlative cōnsultissimē)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ The adverb is formed from [[cōnsultus]], participle of [[cōnsulō]] “to deliberate”, with the adverbial ending ⟨-ō⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Gaffiot and the OLD cite Cicero, ''Dē officiīs'', and Caesar.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant of set purpose, by design, deliberately, as in Cicero and Caesar.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adverb===
+ # [[m|en|deliberately|alt=Deliberately]], on purpose.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ {{homograph|2|to deliberate, consult}}
+
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *selh₁-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kõːˈsʊɫ.toː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [konˈsul.to]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''cōnsultō''' (present infinitive cōnsultāre, perfect active cōnsultāvī, supine cōnsultātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ The verb is the frequentative of [[cōnsulō]] “to deliberate, consult”, formed with [[-tō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨cōnsulō⟩ as [[itc-pro|*kom-sel-e/o-|t=to consult]], from [[ine-pro|*selh₁-|t=to take]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to deliberate, debate, discuss, as in Plautus and Caesar's ''dē bellō cōnsultāre''; to discuss a question; to apply to someone for advice, consult, as in Plautus; and to take thought, provide for.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to weigh, ponder, deliberate.^(Stelten 1995) Through French ''consulter'' it gave [[en|consult]] in the 1520s.^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''consultare'' and Spanish ''consultar''.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of debating war.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1520s – English ''consult'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To deliberate, debate.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|consult]], ask advice of.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To take thought, provide for.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[cōnsulō]]
+ * [[cōnsultum]]
+ * [[en|consult]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}