cruditas Latin · revision 9498

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la crūdus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkruː.dɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkruː.di.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''crūditās''' ''f'' (genitive crūditātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[crūdus]] “raw, undigested” with the suffix [[-tās]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*krowoþo-]] for ⟨crūdus⟩, perhaps from [[ine-pro|*kreuh₂-|t=raw]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD and Gaffiot cite Cicero's ''Cato maior'', of indigestion.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was the inability to digest one's food, indigestion, often from overeating, as in Cicero and Columella, and Lewis & Short explain it as an overloading of the stomach, and Pliny the Elder uses it of excess of food.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it was indigestion, crudity.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for rawness, of skin, food or humours.^(DMLBS) [[en|crudity]] (early 15th century) first referred to food producing unnatural humours.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''crudity'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|indigestion|alt=Indigestion]]; overloading of the stomach.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Rawness, [[m|en|crudity]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[crudito]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[crūdēlē]]

+ * [[crūdēlis]]

+ * [[crūdēlitas]]

+ * [[crūdēliter]]

+ * [[crūdescō]]

+ * [[crūditātiō]]

+ * [[crūdus]]

+ * [[en|crudity]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}