distendo Latin · revision 9484

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ten-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [dɪsˈtɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [disˈtɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''distendō''' (present infinitive distendere, perfect active distendī, supine distentum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ A popular form ''distennō'' is found; the participle ''distēnsus'' is late.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[dis-]] “apart” and [[tendō]] “to stretch”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces ⟨tendō⟩ to [[ine-pro|*ten-d(ʰ)-|t=to stretch]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to stretch in different directions, stretch out, spread out, as in Plautus; to lengthen by stretching, as in Celsus; to make swell, fill to bursting, distend, as of the belly in Plautus; and to strain someone with distractions, as in Livy.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to stretch apart, rack, perplex.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|distend]] (about 1400) was first a medical term, “to stretch, swell out”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of distraction.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of lengthening.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1400 – English ''distend'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To stretch out, spread out.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To lengthen, extend.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To swell, [[m|en|distend]], fill out.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To distract, strain.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[distentiō]]

+ * [[distentus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tendō]]

+ * [[en|distend]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}