ales Latin · revision 9470

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Pacuvius|origins=la āla}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈaː.ɫɛs], [ˈa.ɫeːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaː.les], [ˈaː.les]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''āles''' (genitive ālitis); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Seneca has the ablative ''āliti'', and Lucretius, Virgil and Statius have the lengthened genitive plural ''ālituum''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[āla]] “wing” and the ending ⟨-es⟩ “going”, from [[eō]] “to go”, as in [[pedes]] “going on foot” and [[eques]] “horseman”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD and Gaffiot cite Pacuvius, ''anguēs ālitēs'' “winged serpents”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Pacuvius 220–130 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As an adjective it meant winged, especially of gods and mythical beasts, as in Pacuvius and Catullus' ''āles equus'', and swift, fleet, as in Virgil.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) As a noun it was a large bird, a bird of prey: ''Iovis āles'' is the eagle, ''āles superba'' the phoenix, the ''Cāystrius āles'' the swan, as in Lucretius and Ovid; an omen, augury, as in Catullus; and a winged god or monster, as in Propertius.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant winged.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for a bird, as in Aldhelm.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius uses it of winged serpents.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of birds.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of an omen.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|winged|alt=Winged]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Swift, fleet.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A (large) bird, bird of prey, ''Iovis āles'' the [[m|en|eagle]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # An [[m|en|omen]], augury.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A winged god or monster.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[āla]]

+ * [[ālārius]]

+ * [[ālātus]]

+ * [[āliger]]

+ * [[ālipēs]]

+ * [[avis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}