calculator Latin · revision 9463

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Martial|origins=la calx}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kaɫ.kʊˈɫaː.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kal.kuˈlaː.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''calculātor''' ''m'' (genitive calculātōris, feminine calculātrīx); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[calculō]] “to reckon” with the agent suffix [[-tor]]; ⟨calculō⟩ is from [[calculus]] “pebble, counter”, a diminutive of [[calx]] “limestone”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD, Lewis & Short and Gaffiot cite Martial.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Martial 40–102/103 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a person skilled in arithmetic, or a teacher of arithmetic, as in Martial, and Lewis & Short call it post-Augustan.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In the Digest it was a bookkeeper, one who keeps accounts.^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler also lists Diocletian's price edict of 301.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ Medieval Latin used it for an arithmetician, and British Medieval Latin for a reckoner of the calendar.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) [[en|calculator]] (late 14th century) first meant a mathematician; the adding machine dates from 1784.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 301 AD – Diocletian's price edict has it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''calculator'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|arithmetician]]; a teacher of arithmetic.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A bookkeeper, accountant.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[calculus]]

+ * [[calculō]]

+ * [[en|calculator]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}