compos Latin · revision 9450

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *pótis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔm.pɔs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔm.pos]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''compos''' (genitive compotis); third-declension one-termination adjective (non-i-stem)^(Wiktionary)

+ Genitive ''compotis''; also spelled ''conpos''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[con-]] and [[potis]] “able, master of”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces ⟨potis⟩ to [[itc-pro|*poti-|t=master]], from [[ine-pro|*pótis|t=master]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Naevius, whom he dates c. 235–200 BC, and the OLD's first citations are from Plautus.^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Usually with a genitive, it meant in possession or control of, endowed with, as in Terence's ''compos animī'' “master of oneself” and Cicero's ''tū mentis compos?'' “are you in your right mind?”, ''compos vōtī'' was one whose prayer had been granted.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant sharing in something bad, afflicted with, as in Plautus; of a prayer, granted, as in Seneca; and in an inscription, of Hercules, able to grant prayers.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin ''suī compos'' was of sound mind.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for having full possession of one's faculties and for having one's wish.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence has ''compos animī''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # In possession or control of, master of, ''compos mentis'' in one's right mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''compos vōtī'' Having one's prayer granted.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Afflicted with.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (of a prayer) Granted.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[compotiō]]

+ * [[potis]]

+ * [[impos]]

+ * [[possum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}