violatio Latin · revision 9441

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Livy|origins=la vīs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [wi.ɔˈɫaː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [vi.oˈlat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''violātiō''' ''f'' (genitive violātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[violō]] “to treat with violence, profane” with the suffix [[-tiō]]; ⟨violō⟩ is related to [[vīs]] “force”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short and Köbler cite Livy, of the profanation of a temple.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Livy 59 BC–17 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was profane treatment of something sacred, a violation, as in Livy's ''templī violātiō'', and Lewis & Short note that it is not in Cicero or Caesar.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant violation, profanation.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for desecration, pollution, defilement, also figuratively.^(DMLBS) [[en|violation]] (about 1400, “defilement, desecration”) came through Old French and directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1400 – English ''violation'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|profanation|alt=Profanation]], [[m|en|violation]]; desecration.^(OLD 2012)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[violō]]

+ * [[violentus]]

+ * [[en|violation]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ An inscription has a different ''violātiō'', from [[viola]] “violet”: the decking of graves with violets on the day of the violets.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}