reprehendo Latin · revision 9438

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *gʰend-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [rɛ.preˈ(ɦ)ɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [re.preˈɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''reprehendō''' (present infinitive reprehendere, perfect active reprehendī, supine reprehēnsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Also ''reprendō'' and ''repraehendō''; poets use the contracted forms.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[re-]] “back” and [[prehendō]] “to grasp, seize”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces ⟨prehendō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*(prai-)χend-|t=to seize]], from [[ine-pro|*gʰ-n(e)-d-|t=to grab]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of catching hold of someone to hold them back.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to catch and hold back, as in Plautus; to seize back, retrieve; in Vitruvius to detect a crime; and figuratively to pull someone up, reprehend, as in Cicero, and to find fault with conduct, censure, as in Terence.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to censure.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|reprehend]] (mid-14th century) is from it, and through Old French ''reprendre'' “to take back”, [[en|reprise]].^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''riprendere'' and French ''reprendre''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of holding back.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of censure.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of reprehending a person.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''reprehend'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To catch and hold back, restrain.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To seize back, retrieve.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To detect (a crime).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|reprehend]], [[m|en|censure]], rebuke.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[irreprehēnsus]]

+ * [[reprehēnsibilis]]

+ * [[reprehēnsiō]]

+ * [[reprehēnsor]]

+ * [[reprehēnsō]]

+ * [[reprehēnsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[apprehendō]]

+ * [[comprehendō]]

+ * [[dēprehendō]]

+ * [[prehendō]]

+ * [[en|reprehend]]

+ * [[en|reprise]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}