mania English · revision 937

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈmeɪ.ni.ə/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|manye]], ''mania'',^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline) [[bor|la-lat|mania|t=madness]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU) [[der|grc|μανία|tr=manía|t=madness, frenzy]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU) related to ''maínesthai'' “to rage, go mad” and ''ménos'' “passion, spirit”,^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate) perhaps from the Proto-Indo-European root ''*men-'' “to think”.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Mental derangement marked by great excitement and delusion (about 1385 in Barnhart; c. 1400 in the OED).^(Barnhart 1995)^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense “a vehement passion or enthusiasm, a craze” dates from 1689, after French ''manie''.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline) Since the 16th century ''-mania'' has been used, on the model of a few Greek compounds, to form names of particular kinds of madness or craze,^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline) such as [[nymphomania]] (1775), [[kleptomania]] (1830) and [[megalomania]] (1890).^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline) In psychiatry ''mania'' is the elevated, overactive phase of bipolar disorder.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1385 – derangement, frenzy.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1604 – ''maniac''.^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1689 – a craze or vehement enthusiasm.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1777 – with a qualifier, as ''tulip mania''.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1902 – ''manic''.^(Barnhart 1995)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An excessively intense enthusiasm, interest or desire; a [[craze]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(psychiatry)'' A state of abnormally elevated mood, racing thoughts and excessive activity, especially the manic phase of [[bipolar disorder]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Violent abnormal behaviour; madness.^(AHD)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[-mania]]

+ * [[monomania]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dipsomania]]

+ * [[manic]]

+ * [[maniac]]

+ * [[megalomania]]

+ * [[mind]]

+ * [[maenad]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}