canonicus Latin · revision 9344

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Vitruvius|origins=grc κανών}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kaˈnɔ.nɪ.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kaˈnɔː.ni.kus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''canonicus''' (feminine canonica, neuter canonicum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|κανονικός|tr=kanonikós|t=regular, according to rule]], from [[m|grc|κανών|tr=kanṓn|t=rule]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short and Köbler cite Vitruvius, of the theory of harmony.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Vitruvius c. 84–c. 25 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Vitruvius ''canonica ratiō'' was the theory of harmony, based on the divisions of the monochord.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) As a noun it was in Pliny the Elder someone who draws up mathematical or astronomical tables.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Church Latin it meant canonical: of a book of the Bible, having the force of church law, valid in canon law.^(Niermeyer 1976) Of a cleric it meant enrolled on the list of the clergy, and as a noun a canon, a cleric living under a rule.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Etymonline) [[en|canon]] in this sense (about 1200) comes from it through Anglo-French, and [[en|canonical]] (early 15th century) from Medieval Latin ''canonicālis''.^(Etymonline) It survives as French ''chanoine'' and Portuguese ''cônego''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of harmony.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a maker of tables.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''canon'', a cleric, is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Based on the divisions of the [[m|en|monochord]]; according to rule.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' [[m|en|canonical|alt=Canonical]]: of the Bible; of church law.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A maker of mathematical or astronomical tables.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A [[m|en|canon]], a cleric living under a rule.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[canonicarius]]

+ * [[canonicē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[canōn]]

+ * [[en|canonical]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}