planum Latin · revision 9332

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=ine-pro *pleh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɫaː.nũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈplaː.num]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''plānum''' ''n'' (genitive plānī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the neuter of [[plānus]] “flat, level”, used as a noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces ⟨plānus⟩ to [[itc-pro|*plāno-]], from [[ine-pro|*pl(e)h₂-nó-|t=flattened]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Varro, of flat ground.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant flat or level ground, in the plural level places, and ''in plānum dare'' or ''effundere'' was to level to the ground; it was also ground level, as in Varro.^(OLD 2012) Quintilian used it of the plain, straightforward sense of a word or statement.^(OLD 2012) Ecclesiastical Latin used it as a synonym of ''plānitiēs'' “a plain”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ It gave [[en|plane]] “a flat surface” about 1600, and through French ''plan'' “ground plot of a building”, [[en|plan]] in the 1670s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of level ground.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of plain sense.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1600 – English ''plane'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1670s – English ''plan'', through French, is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Flat or level ground, a [[m|en|plain]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Ground level.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The plain sense of a word or statement.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[plānus]]

+ * [[plānitiēs]]

+ * [[en|plane]]

+ * [[en|plan]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}