clinicus Latin · revision 9318

16 Oct 2026, 18:17 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Martial|origins=grc κλινικός}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkliː.nɪ.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkliː.ni.kus]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''clīnicus''' ''m'' (genitive clīnicī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|grc|κλινικός|tr=klīnikós|t=of the bed]], from ⟨klī́nē⟩ “bed”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source is Martial, whom he dates 40–102/103 AD, and Martial uses it of a physician.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ As a noun it meant a physician who visits patients in bed, a clinical physician, as in Martial, and in Jerome a bedridden patient.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) As an adjective an inscription has ''clīnicus medicus''.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ In Medieval Latin it meant a bedridden patient.^(Niermeyer 1976) British Medieval Latin glossaries render it as a paralytic, bedridden person.^(DMLBS) Through French ''clinique'' it gave [[en|clinic]] in the 1620s, first “a bedridden person”.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ * c. 383–419/420 AD – Jerome uses it of a bedridden patient.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1620s – English ''clinic'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A physician who visits the bedridden.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A bedridden patient.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Of the sickbed.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[en|clinic]]
+ * [[en|clinical]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}