daemonium Latin · revision 9301

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Manilius|origins=grc δαιμόνιον}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [dae̯ˈmɔ.ni.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [deˈmɔː.ni.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''daemonium''' ''n'' (genitive daemoniī or daemonī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''daemonion''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|δαιμόνιον|tr=daimónion|t=divine being]], from ⟨daímōn⟩ “deity, spirit”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short cite Manilius (1st century AD) and Tertullian, and the TLL cites Apuleius for the ''daemonium'' of Socrates.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant the indwelling spirit or genius of Socrates, a familiar, and a lesser divinity, as in Manilius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Christian Latin it meant an evil spirit, a demon, as in Tertullian.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it meant a pagan god, an idol, and an evil spirit, the devil.^(Niermeyer 1976) British Medieval Latin used it for a demon, possession, and the worship or invocation of demons.^(DMLBS) Milton's ''Pandaemonium'', the capital of Hell, was formed from Greek ''pan-'' “all” and Late Latin ''daemonium'' “evil spirit”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1st century AD – Manilius uses it of a lesser divinity.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian uses it of a demon.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A spirit, genius; a lesser divinity.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Christian Latin)'' A [[m|en|demon]], evil spirit.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[daemōn]]

+ * [[en|demon]]

+ * [[en|pandemonium]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In astrology ''Daemonium'' was the fourth section of the twelvefold division of the heavens.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}