rotula Latin · revision 9296

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la rota}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈrɔ.tʊ.ɫa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈrɔː.tu.la]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rotula''' ''f'' (genitive rotulae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ A masculine ''rotulus'' is also found, as in Calpurnius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a diminutive of [[rota]] “wheel” with the suffix [[-ula]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨rota⟩ to the feminine of an old adjective ⟨*Hrot-o-⟩ “revolving”, from Proto-Indo-European ⟨*Hret-⟩ “to run, roll”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short and Köbler cite Plautus, whom Köbler dates c. 250–184 BC.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a little wheel, in Plautus and Columella.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it for the wheel of a plough, cart, siege engine or bed.^(DMLBS) Medieval Latin ''rotulus'' “a roll of parchment” passed through Old French ''rolle'' into [[en|roll]] about 1200, and French ''rôle'' “the roll on which an actor's part was written” gave [[en|role]] about 1600.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''roll'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1600 – English ''role'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A little [[m|en|wheel]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rota]]

+ * [[rotulus]]

+ * [[rotundus]]

+ * [[en|roll]]

+ * [[en|role]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A separate Medieval Latin ''rotulus'' or ''rotula'', a unit of weight, is from [[ar|رَطْل|tr=raṭl]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}