battuo Latin · revision 9295

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=borrowing|attested=Plautus|origins=cel-pro}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈbat.tu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈbat.tu.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''battuō''' (present infinitive battuere, perfect active battuī); third conjugation, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''battō'' and ''batuō''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain; the word is rare in literary Latin.^(Wiktionary) The OLD and the TLL take it to be Gaulish, and the TLL compares Irish ⟨bath⟩ “slaughter, death”.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Wiktionary considers a Gaulish or Germanic source, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European ⟨*bʰedʰh₂-⟩ “to stab, dig” or a separate root ⟨*bʰat-⟩ “to strike”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, “to pound, beat”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to pound, beat, as in Plautus, and in Suetonius, intransitively, to fence.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short call it very rare.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

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+ Late Latin ''battuālia'' “fencing exercises” passed through Old French ''bataille'' into [[en|battle]] about 1300.^(Etymonline) Its compound ''dēbattuere'' gave Old French ''debatre'' and [[en|debate]] in the late 14th century, and it survives in Italian ''battere'' and French ''battre''.^(Etymonline)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it of fencing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''battle'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To pound, [[m|en|beat]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|fence]].^(OLD 2012)

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+ ==Word family==

+ * [[battuālia]]

+ * [[dēbattuō]]

+ * [[battuārium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|battle]]

+ * [[en|debate]]

+ * [[en|batter]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}