salve Latin · revision 9225

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Naevius|origins=la salvus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsaɫ.weː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsal.ve]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''salvē''' ^(Wiktionary)

+ The plural imperative is ''salvēte''.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ As a greeting it is the imperative of [[salveō]] “to be well”, from [[salvus]] “safe, sound”, and the OLD allows that it may instead be the adverb ⟨salvē⟩ “in good health” used as an imperative.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Gaffiot 2016) The adverb is from ⟨salvus⟩ with the suffix [[-ē]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation for the greeting is from Naevius.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As an interjection it was a greeting, hello, good day, as in Naevius, Plautus and Terence, ''salvēre iubēre'' meant to greet someone, and at parting it meant farewell, as in Plautus and Cicero's ''valē, salvē''.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) As an adverb it meant in good order, in good health, as in Plautus' ''satin salvē?'' “is all well?”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it as a greeting on meeting and parting, and ''Salvē Rēgīna'' “Hail, Queen” is the title of an antiphon to the Virgin.^(DMLBS) It survives as a greeting in Italian ''salve''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it as a greeting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus has ''salvēre iubēre'' and the adverb.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero has ''valē, salvē''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Interjection===

+ # [[m|en|hello|alt=Hello]], good day, hail.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Farewell.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Adverb===

+ # In good health, well.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[salūtō]]

+ * [[salvus]]

+ * [[salveō]]

+ * [[salūs]]

+ * [[valē]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}