extraordinarius Latin · revision 9181

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=la extrā, la ōrdō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɛk.straː.oːr.dɪˈnaː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ek.stra.or.diˈnaː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''extrāōrdinārius''' (feminine extrāōrdināria, neuter extrāōrdinārium); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from the phrase ⟨extrā ōrdinem⟩ “outside the order”, from [[extrā]] and [[ōrdō]], with the suffix [[-ārius]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Varro, “supplementary”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant supplementary, additional, as in Varro, and especially of specially selected troops, and Livy has ''cohortēs extrāōrdināriae'', reserve or élite cohorts.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Cicero it meant not governed by ordinary rules, special, irregular, and in Livy exceptional, immoderate.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Medieval Latin applied it to extraordinary university lectures, held outside the regular hours.^(Niermeyer 1976) British Medieval Latin used the plural for irregular payments.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''straordinario'' and Spanish ''extraordinario'', and gave [[en|extraordinary]] in the early 15th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of irregular things.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''extraordinary'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Supplementary; picked (of troops).^(OLD 2012)

+ # Special, irregular.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Exceptional, [[m|en|extraordinary]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ōrdō]]

+ * [[ōrdinārius]]

+ * [[extrā]]

+ * [[en|extraordinary]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}