nonus Latin · revision 9164

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Caecilius|origins=ine-pro *h₁néwn̥}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈnoː.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈnɔː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nōnus''' (feminine nōna, neuter nōnum); first/second-declension numeral^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*nowenos|t=ninth]], from [[novem]] “nine”, contracted from ⟨*novenus⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan explains ⟨nūndinae⟩ “market day” from ⟨*noweno-dino-⟩ “of the ninth day”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Caecilius, “ninth”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Caecilius 230/220–168 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant ninth, as in Caecilius and Cicero's ''terra nōna'', the earth as the ninth sphere, and ''nōna pars'' or ''nōna'' a ninth part, as in Vitruvius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) ''Nōna (hōra)'' was the ninth hour of daylight, about 3 p.m.^(Etymonline)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it for ninth, ''nōnus decimus'' “nineteenth”, and adverbially in the ninth place.^(DMLBS) ''Nōna hōra'' gave Old English ''nōn'' and [[en|noon]], which shifted from 3 p.m. to midday from the 12th century.^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian, Spanish and Portuguese ''nono''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 230/220–168 BC – Caecilius uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-12th century – English ''noon'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|ninth|alt=Ninth]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''nōna pars'', a ninth part.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[nōna]]

+ * [[nonarius]]

+ * [[nōniēs]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[novem]]

+ * [[nūndinae]]

+ * [[en|noon]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}