concido Latin · revision 8512
16 Oct 2026, 17:32 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{homograph|1|to fall down}}
+
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Ennius|origins=la cadō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔŋ.kɪ.doː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔn̠ʲ.t͡ʃi.do]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''concidō''' (present infinitive concidere, perfect active concidī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ This verb is from [[con-]] and [[cadō]] “to fall”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan finds the origin of ⟨cadō⟩ uncertain, perhaps Proto-Indo-European ⟨*ḱh₂d-⟩ “to fall”.^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of people falling.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to fall down, collapse, especially in death, as in Ennius, and of buildings and trees to fall in ruins, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) Cicero also used it for losing power, being overthrown, and for failing, giving out; in Seneca cities fall, and in Horace winds drop and anger subsides.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to fall down, to be disheartened.^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of collapse and defeat.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of winds dropping.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To fall down, [[m|en|collapse]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To be overthrown; to fall (of cities).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To fail, give way.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To subside.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ {{homograph|2|to cut up}}
+
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Cato|origins=la caedō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔŋˈkiː.doː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kon̠ʲˈt͡ʃiː.do]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''concīdō''' (present infinitive concīdere, perfect active concīdī, supine concīsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ This verb is from [[con-]] and [[caedō]] “to cut, strike”, with the vowel changed to /iː/.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cato, of chopping up.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to cut or chop up, as in Cato, and in Cicero to cut down, slaughter, to beat, thrash, to crush a person's power, and to split up ideas or sentences.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to cut to pieces, kill, strike down.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle ''concīsus'' “cut short” gave [[en|concise]] in the 1580s.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of chopping.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of slaughter.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To cut up, chop.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To cut down, [[m|en|slaughter]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To beat; to crush.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To break up (sentences).^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[concīsē]]
+ * [[concīsiō]]
+ * [[concīsor]]
+ * [[concīsōrius]]
+ * [[concīsūra]]
+ * [[concīsus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[accidō]]
+ * [[cadō]]
+ * [[coincidō]]
+ * [[dēcidō]]
+ * [[excidō]]
+ * [[incidō]]
+ * [[intercidō]]
+ * [[occidō]]
+ * [[prōcidō]]
+ * [[recidō]]
+ * [[caedō]]
+ * [[circumcīdō]]
+ * [[discīdō]]
+ * [[percīdō]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}