instructio Latin · revision 8492
16 Oct 2026, 16:03 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=la struō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ĩːˈstruːk.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [inˈstruk.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''īnstrūctiō''' ''f'' (genitive īnstrūctiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[īnstruō]] “to build, arrange, equip” with the suffix [[-tiō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', of drawing up troops.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Cicero; he dates the ''Rhetorica'' 86/82 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant the drawing up of troops, a battle formation, as in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', and in Pliny the Elder construction.^(OLD 2012) In Apuleius it meant equipping, fitting out, and in Ulpian training, instruction.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Christian Latin it meant teaching, instruction.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Stelten 1995) In canon law an ''īnstrūctiō'' is a document explaining particular laws.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for building, as of fortresses and bridges.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''istruzione'' and French ''instruction'', and through Old French it gave [[en|instruction]] about 1400.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' uses it of troops.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of construction.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * before 223 AD – Ulpian uses it of training.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1400 – English ''instruction'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # The marshalling of troops; a formation.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Construction.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Equipping.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Training, [[m|en|instruction]].^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[īnstrūctē]]
+ * [[īnstrūctor]]
+ * [[īnstrūctūra]]
+ * [[īnstrūctus]]
+ * [[īnstrūmentum]]
+ * [[īnstruō]]
+ * [[en|instruction]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}