abdico Latin · revision 8487
16 Oct 2026, 16:03 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Pacuvius|origins=la dicō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈab.dɪ.koː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈab.di.ko]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''abdicō''' (present infinitive abdicāre, perfect active abdicāvī, supine abdicātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ab-]] “away” and [[dicō]] “to proclaim, dedicate”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Pacuvius, of refusing to acknowledge.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Pacuvius 220–130 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Cicero it meant, reflexively, to resign an office, as ''sē magistrātū abdicāre'', and in Sallust to resign an office.^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline) In Pacuvius it meant to deny, and in Livy to disown one's relations.^(OLD 2012) In Pliny the Elder it meant to renounce a practice, and to throw away as useless.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to renounce, abandon, give up.^(Stelten 1995) It was borrowed into Italian ''abdicare'' and French ''abdiquer'', and its participle ''abdicātus'' gave [[en|abdicate]] in the 1540s, first meaning “to disown, disinherit”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius uses it of denying.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of resigning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of disowning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1540s – English ''abdicate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # Reflexively, to resign; to [[m|en|abdicate]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To deny.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To disown, repudiate.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To renounce; to discard.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[abdicātiō]]
+ * [[abdicātīvus]]
+ * [[abdicātrīx]]
+ * [[abdicatus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[addīcō]]
+ * [[benedīcō]]
+ * [[condīcō]]
+ * [[contrādīcō]]
+ * [[dīcō]]
+ * [[ēdīcō]]
+ * [[indīcō]]
+ * [[interdīcō]]
+ * [[maledīcō]]
+ * [[praedīcō]]
+ * [[en|abdicate]]
+
+ ==Usage notes==
+ A third-conjugation ''abdīcō, abdīcere'', from [[dīcō]], means of omens to be unfavourable.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}