cupiditas Latin · revision 8443

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la cupiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kʊˈpɪ.dɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kuˈpiː.di.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cupiditās''' ''f'' (genitive cupiditātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[cupidus]] “desirous” with the suffix [[-tās]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of immoderate desire.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant immoderate desire, lust, greed, as in Plautus, and in Cicero passionate longing, desire for wealth, avarice, and the object of one's desire.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''cupīdō'' is desire seen as active, ''cupiditās'' the passion of desire as a state.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant eager desire, greed, avarice.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for greed, covetousness, also personified.^(DMLBS) It survives in Old French ''coveitié'' and Italian ''cupidigia'', and through Anglo-French it gave [[en|cupidity]] in the mid-15th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of greed.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of longing and avarice.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-15th century – English ''cupidity'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Longing, yearning.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Immoderate desire, lust.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Greed, avarice, [[m|en|cupidity]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # The object of desire.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cupīdō]]

+ * [[cupidus]]

+ * [[cupiō]]

+ * [[en|cupidity]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[cupīdō]].^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}