olea Latin · revision 8434

16 Oct 2026, 16:03 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Cato|origins=grc ἐλαία}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɔ.ɫe.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɔː.le.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''olea''' ''f'' (genitive oleae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|grc|ἐλαία|tr=elaía|t=olive, olive tree]], a word of Pre-Greek or Mediterranean origin.^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The OLD relates it to [[olīva]], the older borrowing of the same Greek word, as ⟨deus⟩ to ⟨dīvus⟩.^(OLD 2012) Varro already derived ⟨olea⟩ from Greek ⟨elaia⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cato, of the olive fruit.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant an olive and, in Cicero, an olive tree.^(OLD 2012) Horace's proverb ''nīl intrā est oleam'' “there is nothing inside the olive” mocks absurd arguments.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant the olive tree.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for the olive and the olive tree, and ''extrā oleās'' “beyond the olives” for out of bounds, after the trees marking a race-course.^(DMLBS)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of the olive.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the olive tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # An [[m|en|olive]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # An olive tree.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[oleāginus]]
+ * [[oleitās]]
+ * [[olētās]]
+ * [[olētum]]
+ * [[oleāgineus]]
+ * [[oleaster]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[oleāceus]]
+ * [[oleāmen]]
+ * [[oleāris]]
+ * [[oleārius]]
+ * [[oleastellus]]
+ * [[oleātus]]
+ * [[oleōsus]]
+ * [[oleum]]
+ * [[olīva]]
+ * [[en|oil]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}