quater Latin · revision 8418

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kʷturs}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quater''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It continues ⟨*quatrus⟩, from the root of [[quattuor]] “four”; de Vaan reconstructs [[ine-pro|*kʷturs|t=four times]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[ae|𐬗𐬀𐬭𐬎𐬱|tr=čaruš|t=four times]] and [[osc|petiropert|t=four times]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, multiplying numbers: ''quater quīnīs mīnīs'' “four times five minae”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant four times, in Varro of occasions (“they bear four times a year”), and as a multiplier, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''Terque quaterque'' “three and four times” meant again and again, as in Virgil and Horace, and ''quater deciēs'' is fourteen times in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

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+ Anselm and the British Medieval Latin mathematicians used it for four times.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it as a multiplier.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of occasions.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil has ''terque quaterque''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|Four]] times.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''terque quaterque'', again and again.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[quaternus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quattuor]]

+ * [[quārtus]]

+ * [[quaternī]]

+ * [[ter]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}