expono Latin · revision 8409

16 Oct 2026, 16:03 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la pōnō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ɛkˈspoː.noː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ekˈspɔː.no]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''expōnō''' (present infinitive expōnere, perfect active exposuī or exposīvī, supine expositum or expostum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ Plautus has the perfect ''exposīvit'', and Cato and Virgil the participle ''expostus''.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ex-]] “out” and [[pōnō]] “to put”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of exposing children, and Cato, of putting out into the open.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to put out in the open, as in Cato, and in Plautus to expose a child.^(OLD 2012) In Caesar it meant to spread out, and in Cicero to put on show, offer for sale, and to set forth in words, explain.^(OLD 2012) In Petronius it meant to expose to danger.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to set before, make manifest, expound, explain.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''esporre'' and Romanian ''spune'' “to say”, and through Old French it gave [[en|expound]] in the mid-14th century, and French ''exposer'' gave [[en|expose]] in the early 15th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of exposing children.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of putting out.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of explaining.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''expound'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To put out.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To expose (a child).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To spread out.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To display; to offer for sale.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|expose]] (to danger).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To set forth, [[m|en|expound]], explain.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[expositīcius]]
+ * [[expositiō]]
+ * [[expositīuus]]
+ * [[expositor]]
+ * [[expositē]]
+ * [[expositus]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[pōnō]]
+ * [[en|expound]]
+ * [[en|expose]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}