fortuitus Latin · revision 8394

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la fors}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [fɔr.tuˈiː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [for.tuˈiː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fortuītus''' (feminine fortuīta, neuter fortuītum, adverb fortuītō); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Horace and Phaedrus have ''fortuītus'', and the short ''fortuĭtus'' is probable elsewhere.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from ⟨*fortu-⟩ “chance”, an unattested noun from the root of [[fors]] “chance”, with the suffix ⟨-ītus⟩, formed like [[grātuītus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) A similar u-stem lies behind [[fortūna]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Cicero, of what is due to chance.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Plautus, whom he dates c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant determined by chance, accidental, and of circumstances or objects casual, spontaneous, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) In Livy it meant random, haphazard, and in Quintilian incidental, contingent.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant casual, accidental, chance.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for fortuitous, accidental.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian and Spanish ''fortuito'' and French ''fortuit'', and gave [[en|fortuitous]] in the 1650s.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the accidental.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1650s – English ''fortuitous'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Accidental, [[m|en|fortuitous]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Casual, spontaneous.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Random, haphazard.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Incidental, contingent.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fors]]

+ * [[fortūna]]

+ * [[en|fortuitous]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}