hirsutus Latin · revision 8391

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la hirtus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [hiːrˈsuː.tʊs], [hɪrˈsuː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [irˈsuː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hī̆rsūtus''' (feminine hī̆rsūta, neuter hī̆rsūtum, comparative hī̆rsūtior, superlative hī̆rsūtissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from ⟨*hirsus⟩, a variant of [[hirtus]] “shaggy”, with the suffix [[-ūtus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Etymonline suggests it may be related to [[horreō]] “to bristle”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cicero, of something hairy.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant covered with hair or bristles, shaggy, rough, as in Cicero, and in Virgil of plants rough, of trees thick with leaves.^(OLD 2012) Etymonline adds the figurative sense rude, unpolished.^(Etymonline) Döderlein explains that ''horridus'' is the most general word for whatever is rough and unformed.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it of hairy people and animals, rough cloth, vegetation, and figuratively bristling.^(DMLBS) It was borrowed into Italian ''irsuto'' and Spanish ''hirsuto'', and gave [[en|hirsute]] in the 1620s.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the hairy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of plants.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1620s – English ''hirsute'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|Hairy]], shaggy, bristly.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of plants, rough; leafy.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Rude, unpolished.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[hī̆rsūtia]]

+ * [[hī̆rsūtiēs]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hirtus]]

+ * [[horridus]]

+ * [[en|hirsute]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}