ianuarius Latin · revision 8389

16 Oct 2026, 16:03 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=la Iānus}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [jaː.nuˈaː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ja.nuˈaː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''iānuārius''' (feminine iānuāria, neuter iānuārium); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[Iānus]] “Janus” with the suffix [[-ārius]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Isidore says the month is named after Janus, or because it is the boundary and door (⟨iānua⟩) of the year.^(Isidore)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Varro.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Cicero; he dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant of or named after Janus, and ''mēnsis Iānuārius'' was the month of January, the first of the Roman year after 153 BC, as in Varro.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it was the month of January.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin also had a ''iānuārius'' “doorkeeper”, from ''iānua''.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(MLW) It survives in French ''janvier'', Spanish ''enero'' and Portuguese ''janeiro'', and through Old French it gave [[en|January]] in the late 13th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 153 BC – January becomes the first month of the Roman year.^(OLD 2012)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 13th century – English ''January'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Of Janus, ''mēnsis Iānuārius'', [[m|en|January]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # Of January.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[Iānus]]
+ * [[iānua]]
+ * [[en|January]]
+ 
+ ==Usage notes==
+ A Medieval Latin ''iānuārius'' “doorkeeper” comes from [[iānua]] “door”.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(MLW)
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}