ieiunium Latin · revision 8388

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la ieiūnus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [jɛjˈjuː.ni.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [jeˈjuː.ni.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ieiūnium''' ''n'' (genitive ieiūniī or ieiūnī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[iēiūnus]] “fasting” with the suffix [[-ium]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of lack of food.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Plautus it meant lack of food, hunger, in Propertius abstinence from food, fasting, and in Horace a fast day.^(OLD 2012) Isidore explains that it takes its name from the part of the bowels, the ''iēiūnum'', which is always thin and empty.^(Isidore)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant fast, fasting, abstinence, and ''caput iēiūniī'' was Ash Wednesday.^(Stelten 1995)^(Köbler 2010) British Medieval Latin used it for fasting, distinguished by length or occasion, and the Ember fasts of the four seasons.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''digiuno'', French ''jeûne'', Spanish ''ayuno'' and Portuguese ''jejum''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of hunger.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius uses it of fasting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of a fast day.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Fasting]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|fast]] day.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Hunger, starvation.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[iēiūniōsus]]

+ * [[semiieiunia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ieiūnus]]

+ * [[iēiūnō]]

+ * [[en|jejune]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}