maritimus Latin · revision 8380
16 Oct 2026, 16:02 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *móri}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [maˈrɪ.tɪ.mʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [maˈriː.ti.mus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''maritimus''' (feminine maritima, neuter maritimum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+ The older spelling is ''maritumus''.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[mare]] “sea” with the suffix [[-timus]], perhaps modelled on [[fīnitimus]] “neighbouring” and ⟨extimus⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces ⟨mare⟩ to [[ine-pro|*mor-i-|t=sea, lake]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of the sea: ''flūctūs mōvī maritumōs'' “I stirred the sea's waves”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant of the sea, marine, and seafaring or nautical, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant near the sea, coastal, and ''ōra maritima'' was the sea coast.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ British Medieval Latin used it of things on the sea, of seafaring people, of sea creatures, and of maritime courts and law.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''marittimo'' and Spanish ''marítimo'', and through French ''maritime'' it gave [[en|maritime]] in the 1540s.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Italian ''maremma'' also descends from it.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of the sea.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the coast.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1540s – English ''maritime'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Of the sea, [[m|en|marine]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # Near the sea, coastal, ''ōra maritima'', the sea coast.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Seafaring, naval, [[m|en|maritime]].^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[maritima]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[mare]]
+ * [[marīnus]]
+ * [[en|maritime]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}