starboard English · revision 835

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈstɑːbəd/, /-ˌbɔːd/ ''(UK)''; /ˈstɑɹˌbəɹd/, /-ˌboɹd/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|sterbord]],^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate) [[inh|ang|stēorbord]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) [[af|ang|stēor|bord|t1=steering paddle, rudder|t2=ship's side]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) literally “steer-board”.^(Etymonline)^(Hendrickson 2008) Similar formations are Old Norse ''stjórnborði'', Dutch ''stuurboord'' and German ''Steuerbord'', and French ''tribord'' and Italian ''stribordo'' are borrowed from Germanic.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The right-hand side of a ship as one faces forward (c. 893).^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Early Germanic boats were steered by a paddle worked over the right side, so that side was the “steering side”.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(Hendrickson 2008) The steersman had his back to the other side, which was sometimes called the “back-board” (Old English ''bæcbord'', whence French ''bâbord'').^(Etymonline) The opposite side was later called ''[[larboard]]'' and eventually ''[[port]]''.^(Etymonline)^(Hendrickson 2008) The adjective is recorded from 1495, the adverb from 1634, and the verb, to turn the helm to starboard, from 1598.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(MW Collegiate) The word is now also used for aircraft and spacecraft.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 893 – Old English ''stēorbord''.^(OED 1989)

+ * before 1400 – ''stere-bourde''.^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1495 – adjective.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1598 – verb, to put the helm to starboard.^(OED 1989)^(MW Collegiate)

+ * 1634 – adverb.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The right-hand side of a [[ship]] or [[aircraft]] as one faces forward.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of, on, or toward the right-hand side of a vessel or aircraft.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Adverb===

+ # To or toward the right-hand side.^(AHD)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To turn the [[helm]] or [[rudder]] to the right.^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[astarboard]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[larboard]]

+ * [[port]]

+ * [[steer]]

+ * [[board]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}