vividus Latin · revision 8295

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Lucretius|origins=la vīvō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwiː.wɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈviː.vi.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vīvidus''' (feminine vīvida, neuter vīvidum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[vīvō]] “to live” with the suffix [[-idus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan's first source is Lucretius, whom Köbler dates 96–55 BC, and the OLD's earliest citation is from Lucretius, “full of vital force”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant full of vital force, as in Lucretius, and in Livy vigorous, lively, spirited.^(OLD 2012) Seneca used it of lively, vivid language, and Propertius of lifelike works of art.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that it is mostly poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it for living, full of life, and life-giving.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''vivido'' and Spanish ''vívido'', and gave [[en|vivid]] in the 1630s, “producing a distinct impression on the mind”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of spirited people.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of lively language.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1630s – English ''vivid'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Full of life.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Vigorous, lively, spirited.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (of language) Lively, [[m|en|vivid]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Lifelike.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vīvō]]

+ * [[vīvus]]

+ * [[vīvāx]]

+ * [[en|vivid]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}