commoveo Latin · revision 8265

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Cato|origins=la moveō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔmˈmɔ.we.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [komˈmɔː.ve.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''commoveō''' (present infinitive commovēre, perfect active commōvī, supine commōtum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Cicero has ''commōsse'' for ''commōvisse'', and Lucretius ''commōrunt''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[con-]] and [[moveō]] “to move”, perhaps already Proto-Italic ⟨*kommoweō⟩, if Umbrian ⟨comhota⟩ is a cognate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cato, of stirring up a liquid.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to shake, agitate, as in Terence, to stir up the sea, as in Cato, and in Virgil to make the slightest movement.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant to shift, to rout out, and in Terence to wake.^(OLD 2012) The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' uses it of rousing to action, and Cicero of moving, influencing, troubling, arousing emotions, starting a war and raising a question; in Terence it meant to move emotionally.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to move, stir up, excite.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''commuovere'' and Spanish ''conmover'', and was borrowed as [[en|commove]]; its noun ''commōtiō'' gave [[en|commotion]] in the late 14th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of stirring up.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of shaking and moving emotionally.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of arousing and starting a war.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''commotion'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To shake, agitate; to stir up.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To shift; to rout out; to wake.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To rouse to action.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To move, affect emotionally; to trouble.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To arouse (an emotion); to start (a war).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To raise (a question).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[commōtiō]]

+ * [[commōtiuncula]]

+ * [[commōtō]]

+ * [[commōtor]]

+ * [[commōtus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[admoveō]]

+ * [[āmoveō]]

+ * [[dēmoveō]]

+ * [[dīmoveō]]

+ * [[ēmoveō]]

+ * [[moveō]]

+ * [[mūtō]]

+ * [[permoveō]]

+ * [[praemoveō]]

+ * [[prōmoveō]]

+ * [[en|commotion]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}