accuso Latin · revision 8223
16 Oct 2026, 15:35 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la causa}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [akˈkuː.soː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [akˈkuː.s̬o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''accūsō''' (present infinitive accūsāre, perfect active accūsāvī, supine accūsātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ An inscription has ''accussasse''.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ad-]] “to” and [[causa]] “cause, lawsuit”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of blaming.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to blame, find fault with, as in Plautus, and in Cicero to charge with a crime, to accuse in court.^(OLD 2012) In Varro ''cāsus accūsandī'' was the accusative case.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''arguere'' is the most general word for imputing guilt, in or out of court, while ''accūsāre'' is the formal charge.^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to accuse, blame, call to account publicly.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''accusare'', French ''accuser'' and Spanish ''acusar'', and through Old French it gave [[en|accuse]] about 1300.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of blaming.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro has ''cāsus accūsandī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a legal charge.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1300 – English ''accuse'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To blame, find fault with.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|accuse]], charge.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(grammar)'' ''cāsus accūsandī'', the [[m|en|accusative]] case.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[accūsābilis]]
+ * [[accūsātiō]]
+ * [[accūsātīvus]]
+ * [[accūsātor]]
+ * [[accūsātōrius]]
+ * [[accūsātrīx]]
+ * [[accūsitō]]
+ * [[inaccusatus]]
+ * [[subaccūsō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[accūsātōriē]]
+ * [[causa]]
+ * [[excūsō]]
+ * [[en|accuse]]
+ * [[en|accusative]]
+
+ ==Usage notes==
+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[arguō]].^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}